Hormone replacement therapy and breast cancer: estimate of risk.
نویسندگان
چکیده
http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/331/7512/347 Updated information and services can be found at: These include: Data supplement http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/331/7512/347/DC1 "Data used in the calculations" References http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/331/7512/347#otherarticles 4 online articles that cite this article can be accessed at: http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/331/7512/347#BIBL This article cites 23 articles, 9 of which can be accessed free at:
منابع مشابه
Risk Factors of Breast Cancer in Kuwait: Case-Control Study
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Background and purpose:The risk of developing breast cancer during the liftime of females is 12.5% (about 1 in 8). Ïn addition hormone replacement therapy is part of the preventive measure in women at their menopausal period. Studies have revealed that screening mammography changes with age, mammographyic density and family history of breast cancer. This study was designed to evaluate the bre...
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Background & Objective : Nowadays breast cancer is one of the most causes of female mortality. Mammography is a valuable method for early detection of breast cancer. Mammographic sensitivity depends on some factors such as age, breast tissue density, menopausal status, systemic disease, familial history of breast cancer and others. This study was designed to compare the effects of two regimen...
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Low levels of endogenous estrogens in postmenopausal women lead to several clinical problems. Some of these problems can be resolved by estrogen replacement therapy. The role of estrogen therapy in increasing the risk of breast cancer has not been well known yet. So, it was decided to study this controversial issue. In this study, 122 postmenopausal women, ranging in age from 46 to 61 years, we...
متن کاملHormone replacement therapy and breast cancer: a qualitative review.
OBJECTIVE To assess whether recent epidemiologic evidence supports an association between use of estrogen replacement therapy or hormone replacement therapy and risk of breast cancer. DATA SOURCES The keywords "estrogen," "estrogen replacement therapy," or "hormone replacement therapy," and "breast cancer" or "breast neoplasm," were used to search for articles published from 1975-2000 in MEDL...
متن کاملImmunotherapy for Breast Cancer Treatment
Breast cancer, as a heterogeneous disease, includes a wide range of pathological and clinical behaviors. Current treatment protocols, including radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormone replacement therapy, are mainly associated with poor response and high rate of recurrence. Therefore, more efforts are needed to develop alternative therapies for this type of cancer. Immunotherapy, as a novel str...
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ورودعنوان ژورنال:
- BMJ
دوره 331 7512 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2005